Preheat the oven to 425 degrees F. Line a baking sheet with parchment paper or a silicone baking mat.
Cut the cauliflower into small, bite-size florets. Toss with olive oil, salt, and pepper, and spread out in a single layer on the baking sheet. Roast for 20 to 25 minutes until the cauliflower is browned to your liking.
While the cauliflower roasts, bring a pot of salted water to a boil. Cook the pasta according to package directions. Before draining, reserve a cup of pasta water for making the sauce.
To make the sauce, whisk together the tahini, lemon juice, garlic, parsley, salt, pepper, and red pepper flakes. It will be very stiff. Add pasta water in small amounts, whisking as you go, until thinned to your desired consistency.
Return the drained pasta to the pot. Add the roasted cauliflower and capers, then pour in the sauce. Mix until the pasta is coated. Enjoy!
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